Figure. Neuraminidase (NA) 274Y (H3 subtype numbering) gene mutation in influenza A pandemic (H1N1) 2009 virus A/Hong Kong/2369/2009 isolated from a patient who arrived in Hong Kong, China, from San Francisco, California, USA, on June 11, 2009. A) NA sequence of virus amplified by reverse transcription–PCR and sequenced directly from a day 1 specimen of a nasopharyngeal aspirate from the patient. B) NA sequence of virus grown in MDCK cells. Nucleotide sequence represents identification of nucleotides by the sequencing machine, and the sequence trace represents the signal (peak) of each nucleotide in the sequencing reaction. Nucleotide coordinates (812 and 827) refer to the NA gene sequence of pandemic (H1N1) 2009 virus. Residue 274Y encoded by the 3-nucleotide codon is indicated in boxes and the nucleotide substitution (C→T for amino acid change H→Y) is indicated by arrows. Colors of curves match those of specific nucleotides. from,
http://www.cdc.gov/eid/content/15/12/1970-F.htm
大家看看美国CDC的结论:
Resistance to NA inhibitors among seasonal strains of human influenza viruses (A/H1N1, A/H3N2, and B) has been rare until recently. Development of resistance after oseltamivir treatment has occurred in 0.33%–5.5% of treated patients .
In 2007, an NA H274Y oseltamivir-resistant variant of seasonal influenza A virus (H1N1) was detected in Norway (6). This virus has now become the dominant virus population globally, overtaking oseltamivir-susceptible influenza A virus (H1N1).
Oseltamivir奥司他韦根据维基百科是一种AntiViral药物,它的作用可以抑制成熟的流感病毒脱离宿主细胞,从而抑制流感病毒在人体内的传播以起到治疗流行性感冒的作用。
罗氏制药有限公司是奥司他韦的专利持有人,目前他们生产的奥司他韦,商标就是媒体所看到的Tamiflu特敏福,特敏福是市场上唯一的奥司他韦制剂。